What is FATCA?
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) is a 2010 U.S. federal law that enforces global tax transparency in two ways:
- Foreign Financial Institution (FFI) Reporting: Non-U.S. banks and brokerages worldwide must identify U.S. citizen and resident clients and transmit their account balances and tax IDs (SSN/ITIN) to the IRS—or face a 30% withholding penalty on U.S.-source payments.
- Individual Filing (IRS Form 8938): U.S. taxpayers with specified foreign financial assets above statutory thresholds ($50,000 on the last day of the year for single filers living in the U.S.; $200,000 for single filers living abroad) must attach Form 8938 to their Form 1040 return, in addition to filing the FBAR.